dismay
英[dɪs'meɪ],美[dɪs'me]
n. 沮丧; 诧异, 惊愕vt. 使惊愕; 使气馁助记:dis-不,非 + may【能够】 → 不能做事 → 沮丧;参考:五月能种粮食 , 所以叫may。
词 源 树
权威词源导读
dismay (n.) - 大约1300,源自dismay (v.)。
dismay (v.) - 13世纪晚期,dismaien,源自古法语*desmaier (见过去分词dismaye),源自拉丁语de- 加强前缀 + 古法语esmaier "to trouble, disturb",源自通俗拉丁语*exmagare "divest of power or ability" (意大利语smagare "to weaken, dismay, discourage" 的词源),源自ex- (参看:ex-) + 原始日耳曼语*magan "to be able" (同源词:古高地德语magen "to be powerful or able"),源自PIE词根*magh- "to be able, have power"。西班牙语desmayer "to be dispirited" 借自古法语。同根词:Dismayed; dismaying。
词源说明(童理民)
1. dismay : dis-,不,非,使相反,-may,权力,力量,词源同may,might.原指剥夺权力或者力量,引申词义灰心,丧气。
21世纪大英汉词典
#dismayvt.1.■(因突然的危险等)使完全丧失勇气,使灰心丧气,使胆怯,使气馁,使沮丧,使失望;使幻灭;威吓:He was dismayed to learn of their disloyalty.他得知他们对他的不忠,感到很失望。They were dismayed to find that the house had been washed away.他们发现房子被水冲走了感到沮丧。2.■使惊愕,使惊恐,使吃惊到不安(或丧失勇气)的程度,使丧胆:The surprise attack dismayed the enemy troops.突然袭击使敌军丧胆。She was dumbly dismayed at the news.听见那消息她惊愕得发呆了。3.■使不安:The boy's failing grades dismayed his parents.这名男孩不能升级令父母不安。n.1.■失望,绝望,气馁,灰心,沮丧;幻灭2.■惊愕,惊恐,丧胆3.■不安近义词appallhorrifydaunt#