stick

英[stɪk]，美[stɪk]

n. 棍; 枝条; 球棒; 条状物; 拐杖
v. 刺; 粘贴; 伸出; 放置; 卡住; 忍受; 被证明成立; 不再要牌
助记：stitch(缝), stick(刺)同源，stitch本意也是“刺”，同源自*steig-刺。知其源，你就不难理解： to be in stitches忍不住大笑(因为大笑的时候，两肋会有刺痛感) 。

词 源 树

词源故事（钱磊）

1. stigma（耻辱）：在罪犯皮肤上烙下印记的刑罚
中国古代刑罚中最常见的一种叫做“黥刑”或“墨刑”，就是在罪犯脸上或身体的其他部位刺字，然后涂上墨或别的颜料，使所刺的字成为永久性的记号。无独有偶，在西方也有类似的刑罚。所不同的是，在西方是用烧红的烙铁在罪犯脸上或身体其他部位烙下印记。这种刑罚所留下的烙印就是stigma。该单词源自希腊语，与stick（戳、粘贴）同源，因为行刑时需要用烧红的烙铁来stick罪犯的皮肤。该词后来常用于比喻“耻辱、污名、社会对某一群体或现象的负面评价”。
stigma： ['stɪgmə] n.耻辱，污名，烙印，特征
stigmatize：['stɪɡmətaɪz] vt. 诬蔑；玷污；给…打上烙印
stigmatic：[stɪg'mætɪk] adj. 有烙印的；丑恶的；不名誉的；气孔的；小红斑的
stick：[stɪk] vt. 刺，戳；伸出；粘贴vi. 坚持；伸出；粘住n. 棍；手杖

权威词源导读

stick (n.) - 古英语sticca "rod, twig, peg; spoon"，源自原始日耳曼语*stikkon- "pierce, prick" (同源词：古挪威语stik，中古荷兰语stecke, stec，古高地德语stehho，德语Stecken "stick, staff")，源自PIE词根*steig- "to stick; pointed" (参看：stick (v.))。含义 "staff used in a game" 始于17世纪70年代 (最初billiards)；含义 "manual gearshift lever" 最早记录于1914。押头韵词sticks和stones记录于15世纪中期；原始含义 "every part of a building"。Stick-bug始于1870，美式英语；stick-figure 始于1949。

stick (v.) - 古英语stician "to pierce, stab, transfix, goad" 和 "to remain embedded, stay fixed, be fastened"，源自原始日耳曼语*stik- "pierce, prick, be sharp" (同源词：古撒克逊语stekan，古弗里斯兰语steka，荷兰语stecken，古高地德语stehhan，德语stechen "to stab, prick")，源自原始印欧语*steig- "to stick; pointed" (同源词：拉丁语instigare "to goad"，instinguere "to incite, impel"；希腊语stizein "to prick, puncture"，stigma "mark made by a pointed instrument"；古波斯语tigra- "sharp, pointed"；阿维斯陀语tighri- "arrow"；立陶宛语stingu "to remain in place"；俄语stegati "to quilt")。

词源说明（童理民）

1. stick : 来自古英语sticca,杆，棍，来自Proto-Germanic*stikkon,刺，戳，来自PIE*steig,*steg,刺，戳，词源同sting,stack,stack.引申诸相关词义。

21世纪大英汉词典

#stick1n.1.■树枝，枝条；枯枝2.■(一根)木料3.■细长木条4.■木档，档条5.■杆，杖，棍，棒6.■指挥棒7.■[主英国英语]手杖8.■官杖；持官杖者9.■条状物；棒状物10.■(飞机、汽车等的)操纵杆，变速杆11.■(草本植物的)茎；梗12.■(家具的)件13.■[the stick] 责打,惩罚;威慑(物)14.■[口语]呆头呆脑的人；家伙；古怪的15.■[口语]加在饮料(尤指咖啡)中的烈性酒16.■[the sticks][美国口语]乡镇；边远地区；边远林区17.■[俚语]大麻卷烟18.■【体育】19.■球棍，球棒；(尤指)曲棍球棍20.■[用复数]【曲棍球】举棍过肩(犯规动作)21.■[体育俚语]冲浪板22.■[用复数]【体育】23.■栏架24.■足球球门25.■【造船】桅杆；桁26.■【印刷】= composing stick27.■【军事】28.■集束炸弹，连续投下的一串炸弹29.■[俚语](从飞机同一出口)连续跳下的一组伞兵vt.1.■用杆支撑：to stick a young pine用杆支撑住一棵小松树2.■【印刷】把(活字)排在排字盘里A stick is quickly (或 soon)found to beat a dog.[谚语]欲加之罪何患无辞。beat someone to sticks[俚语]彻底打败某人，把某人打得落花流水carry a big stick over[口语]对…施行强权；对…严加控制eat stick挨棍子，挨打get (或 take) stick受到严厉责备give someone the stick棍打某人；惩罚某人stick for stick and carrot for carrot以打对打，以拉对拉take a stick to用棍棒打(某人)；惩罚(某人)变形vt.stickedsticking
stick2[stik]vt.1.■刺，戮：The doctor stuck my finger with a needle to get blood sample.医师用一根针刺破我的手指取血样。2.■刺死：to stick an ox刺死一头牛They stuck a bison with spears.他们用长矛刺死了一头野牛。3.■戳穿，刺穿：to stick a sword through the target用军刀刺穿靶子4.■插入，插牢：to stick a peg in a pegboard把挂钉插入挂钉板内to stick a needle into a pincushion把针插入针垫5.■钉住，钉牢：to stick a map on the wall把地图钉在墙上to stick a nail on the wall在墙上钉上一颗钉子6.■把…插在…尖上，用…固定…(以制作标本等)；制作…的标本：He stuck a piece of fried fish on the fork and put it on the plate.他用叉子插起一块炸鱼放在了盘子里。to stick a pin through the papers把文件用大头钉别起来7.■(用尖物刺入)装饰；布置：to stick a flower in the upper pocket在上衣袋插入一朵鲜花to stick some badges on the overcoat在大衣上别上几枚徽章8.■用…布置(或装饰)：to stick shelves full of chinaware用瓷器布满置物架9.■放置：to stick one's hat on the table把帽子放在桌上10.■伸出，使突出：to stick one's head out of the window把头伸出窗外He stuck his right hand in his jacket's pocket,as if he held a pistol.他把右手揣在夹克的口袋里，就像他手里握着一把手枪似的。11.■粘牢；粘贴：to stick a stamp on the envelope在信封上贴邮票It could be stuck with such adhesive.用这种胶能把它粘住。12.■使变黏；(用黏性物)涂敷：to be stuck by stirring使搅动得变黏稠to stick glue on the paper在纸上涂胶水13.■阻止，使停止[常用于被动语态]：to be stuck by a storm for a week被暴风雪围困达一星期My car was stuck in the mud.我的汽车陷在泥里不能动弹。14.■难住，使困惑；把…搞糊涂：Your question sticks me!你的问题可把我给难住了。I was stuck by the situation.我被这种局面搞糊涂了。15.■忍耐，忍受；经受住，阻挡住：I can't stick his rudeness any more.我再也不能容忍他的无礼了。to stick the experience of the battle经受战斗的洗礼16.■[口语](把不称心的事)强加于(某人)，难为(某人)；欺骗；欺诈：They persistently stuck him with fund collection.他们坚持把筹划基金的工作交给他做。to stick someone with much money诈骗某人的大笔金钱17.■【木工】拔出(钉子)，使松动18.■【制陶】把…粘在一起vi.1.■刺入，被穿入，被插入：The arrow stuck in the tree.这枝箭射插在树上。He saw a dagger sticking in his car's tyre.他看到一把匕首插在他汽车的轮胎上。2.■被钉住，被粘住，被粘贴：a nail sticking on the wall钉在墙上的一颗钉子On the wall many pictures of baseball stars stuck.墙上贴满了棒球明星的画片。3.■萦绕，萦回：a fact that sticks in the mind萦绕在脑海里的一件事4.■保留，留下；长久保留：Stick here for her.你留下来等她。These stuck for you.这些是留给你的。5.■坚持，固守；遵守：She stuck to the work until it is finished.她坚持工作，直到把工作完成为止。6.■(决心等)坚定不移；(观点)坚持不变：She still stuck no matter how hard I tried to persuade her.无论我怎么劝说她，她依然坚持自己的观点。7.■堵塞，卡住；停顿下来：Her zipper stuck halfway up.他的拉锁拉上一半时卡住了。The motion stuck as soon as it was put forth.该项动议一经提出就遭到搁置。8.■被难住，处于困境；困惑9.■犹豫，踌躇；有顾虑：to stick at giving up the rescue在放弃营救上犹豫不决He's not a man who sticks at trifles.他是个不拘小节的人。10.■突出;伸出(常与 through,out 等连用)：His help arm stuck out to me.他向我伸出了救援之手。the rocks that stuck out悬崖11.■紧靠，依附；紧随：to stick against the wall紧贴在墙上His dog always sticks to him.他的狗总跟在他的身边。12.■继续有效；被认为有效：The item of the Law has stuck.该项法律条款依然有效n.1.■刺；戮2.■停止，停顿3.■障碍物；妨碍4.■粘，粘力，粘性5.■粘性物，粘贴剂6.■【证券】滞销自购近义词adherecleaveclingcohere反义词partdetachseparatea few of sticks (of furniture)几件不值钱的家具(as)cross as two sticks见 crossas a stick不知如何是好；为难，困惑be (或 get) on the stick[美国俚语]效率高，麻利警惕be (或 get) stuck被难住；被困住，无法摆脱上当be stuck for[口语]想不起来，想不出因缺乏…而停顿be stuck on[俚语]特别喜欢，被迷住be (或 get) stuck with[俚语]不得不接受(或接待)无法摆脱；被…缠住无法前进be tarred with the same stick见 tar?carry the stick流浪，游荡cut one's stick (或 sticks)[俚语]赶紧离开，急忙逃走get (或 have,hold of) the right end of the stick处于有利地位，占上风理解正确，无差错get (或 have,hold of) the wrong end of the stick处于不利地位颠倒(立场等)[口语]完全误解，全搞错了get on the stick= be on the stickget stuck in[俚语]使劲干，全神贯注地工作hold a stick to能与…相比，堪与…相提并论(或匹敌等)hold sticks with= hold a stick tohop the stick[俚语]突然离去死in a cleft stick在进退两难中more…than one can shake a stick at[美国口语]…多得不可胜数，…多极了on the stick[俚语]十分用心；十分用功out in the sticks[美国口语]远离城镇，在偏远地区shake a stick at[美国口语]关心，注意stick'em up[口语]把手举过头顶，举起手来stick fast紧紧固定住，牢牢粘住陷入困境无法前进拒不退让；屹立不动stick in someone's gizzard (或 stomach)见 gizzardstick in someone's throat见 throatstick in the mud见 mudstick it[俚语]不松懈；坚持忍受，忍耐[亦作 stick at it， stick it out]站稳脚跟，站住了脚；干得很好，干得不错stick it into someone[俚语]向某人索取高价强行借某人的钱stick it on[俚语]索取高价夸大其词stick it out[俚语]坚持到底；忍耐下去stick it there!= put it there [见put]stick it to不公正地对待，苛刻地对待；利用stick one's neck out见neckstick to one's colours (或 guns)见 colour 或 gunstick to someone's ribs见 ribstick with it[美国英语]忍耐the dirty(或short, sticky) end of the stick[美国英语]不公平的待遇；最坏的处境；吃亏受骗the only stick left in one's hedge最后的手段wield (或 shake) the (或 a) big stick[美国英语]挥舞大棒，执行“大棒政策”with a stick in it[口语](茶、咖啡等)掺白兰地的，加酒的变形vt.stucksticking#